Most chatbots inherently left-leaning but with ability to learn bias: Study

Most chatbots inherently left-leaning but with ability to learn bias: Study


The study looked at the potential to teach as well as reduce political bias in conversational LLMs. (Representational)


When chatbots were tested for their political inclination, most of them revealed a left-of-centre stance, a study has revealed.


However, when the chatbots, including ChatGPT and Gemini, were tested after being “taught” a certain political inclination — left, right or centre — they produced responses in alignment with their “training,” or “fine tuning,” David Rozado, a researcher from Otago Polytechnic, New Zealand, found.


This shows that chatbots can be “steered” towards desired locations on the political spectrum, using modest amounts of politically aligned data, the author said in the study published in the journal PLoS ONE.


Chatbots are AI-based large language models (LLMs), which are trained on massive amounts of textual data and are, therefore, capable of responding to requests framed in the natural language (prompts).


Multiple studies have analysed the political orientation of chatbots available in the public domain and found them to occupy varied locations on the political spectrum.


In this study, Rozado looked at the potential to “teach” as well as reduce political bias in these conversational LLMs.


On 24 different open- and closed-source chatbots, the author performed political orientation tests such as the Political Compass Test and Eysenck’s Political Test.


Along with ChatGPT and Gemini, Anthropic’s Claude, Twitter’s Grok, Llama 2, among others, were also tested.


He found that most of these chatbots generated “left-of-centre” responses, as adjudged by the majority of the political tests.


Further, using published text, Rozado also induced a political bias by fine-tuning GPT-3.5, a type of machine learning algorithm developed to adapt LLMs to specific tasks.


Thus, a “LeftWingGPT” was created training the model on snippets of text from publications such as The Atlantic, The New Yorker, and from books written by authors with similar political persuasions.


Likewise, for creating “RightWingGPT,” Rozado used text from publications such as The American Conservative and books by similarly aligned writers.


Finally, “DepolarizingGPT” was created by training GPT-3.5 using content from the Institute for Cultural Evolution, a US-based think tank, and the book Developmental Politics, written by the institute’s president, Steve McIntosh.


“As a result of the political alignment fine-tuning, RightWingGPT has gravitated towards right-leaning regions of the political landscape in the four tests. A (similar) effect is observed for LeftWingGPT.


“DepolarizingGPT is on average closer to political neutrality and away from the poles of the political spectrum,” the author wrote.


He, however, clarified that the results were not evidence that the inherent political preferences of the chatbots are “deliberately instilled” by the organisations creating them.

First Published: Aug 03 2024 | 2:41 PM IST



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Meta offering Hollywood stars millions of dollars for AI voice projects

Meta offering Hollywood stars millions of dollars for AI voice projects


Negotiations between Meta and some talent representatives have stopped and started many times because the parties can’t agree on terms for use of the actors’ voices. (Photo: Reuters)


By Lucas Shaw

Meta Platforms Inc. is offering Hollywood celebrities millions of dollars for the right to record and use their voices for artificial intelligence projects, according to several people familiar with the negotiations.

 


The company is talking with Judi Dench, Awkwafina and Keegan-Michael Key, said the people, who asked not to be identified because the project is confidential. Representatives for Meta declined to comment.


Meta, the owner of Facebook and Instagram, is racing to close deals so it has time to develop a suite of AI tools for unveiling at its Connect 2024 event in September. While it’s not entirely clear how Meta will be using the voices, it has discussed a chatbot that could serve as a digital assistant, à la Apple’s Siri, or a friend, the people said. Users could speak with a chatbot that has the voice of Awkwafina, for example.


Negotiations between Meta and some talent representatives have stopped and started many times because the parties can’t agree on terms for use of the actors’ voices. Meta would like to secure rights to voices for many uses over a fixed term on a single project. Representatives for the actors are seeking stricter limits. 


The use of artificial intelligence has spooked many in the Hollywood creative community who fear losing work as a result of the technology. Screenwriters and actors fought for protections against the use of AI during labor stoppages last year. Yet SAG-AFTRA, the primary unions for actors, has reached an agreement with Meta on terms, according to the people.


Meta has experimented with creating text-based chatbots inspired by celebrities like Dwyane Wade and Paris Hilton. The company has already ended that program. It has also unveiled an AI studio that allows content creators to make chatbots of themselves.

First Published: Aug 03 2024 | 7:48 AM IST



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Tech wrap Aug 2: Honor Magic6 Pro, Sony PS Portal, Chrome AI features, more

Tech wrap Aug 2: Honor Magic6 Pro, Sony PS Portal, Chrome AI features, more



Chinese smartphone brand Honor’s India importer HTech on August 2 launched the Magic 6 Pro smartphone in the country. Powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 system-on-chip, the premium flagship smartphone is based on MagicOS 8.0, powered by Android 14, that comes packed with several artificial intelligence features and tools for content generation, image editing and enhancements, and text summarisation. Offered in 12GB RAM and 512GB on-board storage configuration at Rs 89,999, the Honor Magic 6 Pro will be available on e-commerce platform Amazon India and at select retail stores from August 15.


Japanese electronics major Sony on August 2 announced the launch of PlayStation Portal in India. Dubbed as a remote player for the PlayStation 5 gaming console, the PlayStation Portal supports wireless connectivity and console quality controls. Moreover, there is support for Sony’s acclaimed gaming controller, DualSense, like features such as haptic feedback and adaptive triggers in supported games. Sony said the PlayStation Portal Remote Player lets users play compatible games that they have installed on their consoles without necessitating a TV.


US-based software giant Google’s Chrome browser for desktop is set to get three new features, powered by artificial intelligence using its AI and Gemini models. Among the new additions are Lens integration to make search easier, product comparison from multiple tabs, and smart search through history using text prompts.


OnePlus to debut OnePlus Open Apex Edition in new Crimson Shadow colourway on August 7, announced the Chinese smartphone maker OnePlus. Launched in 2023, the OnePlus Open is a foldable smartphone based on Android and powered by OxygenOS. The smartphone is set to get new features together with the new colour variant to be up to speed with other foldable devices in 2024.


Google Photos app for Android and iOS is set to get artificial intelligence tools that has been exclusive to select devices at launch. The US-based software giant has announced that Google Photos’ AI editing tools – Magic Editor, Magic Eraser, Photo Unblur and Portrait Light – are coming to all Google Photos users. These will not require a subscription, confirmed Google.


Apple has revised its App Store guidelines with regard to rules related to emulator apps to clearly express allowance for game downloads for PC emulators. Apple has updated the guidelines for app notarization effective for third-party apps that are submitted for distribution outside of the App Store in the European Union. After this, App Store guidelines 4.7, 4.7.2, and 4.7.3 have now become part of the EU notarisation review process. The new guidelines will simplify the approval process for PC emulator apps.


OnePlus Nord 4 is now available on open sale in India. Launched in July, the midrange smartphone from the Chinese brand boasts an aluminium unibody design, reminiscent of the OnePlus 3 series. The smartphone is powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon 7 Plus Gen 3 system-on-chip (SoC), paired with up to 12GB LPDDR5x RAM. The OnePlus Nord 4 features media editing tools such as “AI Best Face”, “AI Eraser”, and more. Apart from media editing features both the OnePlus Nord 4 and the Pad 2 will feature productivity-related AI features such as AI Speak, AI summarise, AI Writer, and more.


The Redmi Pad Pro Android tablet, powered by Xiaomi HyperOS, is now available for purchase. Offered in Wi-Fi and 5G connectivity options, the Redmi Pad Pro 5G boasts a 12.1-inch 2.5K LCD display of 120Hz, quad-speakers with support for Dolby Atmos, 3.5mm port with support for hi-res audio out, 10,000 mAh battery, and Android 14-based Xiaomi HyperOS. Powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon 7s Gen 2, the Redmi Pad Pro is offered in up to 8GB RAM and up to 256GB on-board storage. Alongside, the supported accessories for the Redmi Pad Pro such as Redmi Smart Pen, Keyboard, and Cover are also available for purchase.


The OPPO K12x 5G is now available for purchase in India. Touted by the Chinese smartphone maker as the toughest 5G smartphone in its segment, the OPPO K12x 5G boasts MIL-STD-810H military-grade certification and IP54 rating for dust and water resistance. The smartphone boasts “Splash Touch” technology so users can operate its touchscreen even with wet fingers – said OPPO.


The HP EliteBook Ultra G1q is an enterprise-oriented laptop focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) features, performance, design, and battery life. It is among the first wave of AI laptops in India powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite chip. This Windows 11 ARM-based laptop introduces Microsoft’s inaugural AI PC features, dubbed Copilot+, exclusively available on Qualcomm platforms, alongside a software suite from HP for a tailored user experience.


Smartphone sales in India exceeded $10 billion in the April-June period of this year, marking the highest figure recorded for the slow April-June period, The Economic Times reported, citing market trackers.

First Published: Aug 02 2024 | 8:03 PM IST



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Turkey blocks access to Instagram over 'censorship', mentions no duration

Turkey blocks access to Instagram over 'censorship', mentions no duration


Meta Inc has, so far, not issued any statement on the Instagram ban in Turkey. (Representational)


In a surprise move, Turkey (Türkiye) blocked access to Instagram for its citizens. The development follows censorship accusations against the US social media platform by a high-ranking Turkish official.


The BTK communications authority, the country’s infotech regulator, announced the ban, leaving the platform’s mobile app inaccessible. BTK published the August 2 decision on its website without stating any reason (or duration) for the ban.  


Earlier, on Wednesday, Turkish communications official Fahrettin Altun, had slammed the Meta-owned platform for “blocking condolence posts on the killing of Ismail Haniyeh”, a key official of the Palestinian militant group Hamas. “This is censorship, pure and simple,” he alleged.


Ismail Haniyeh, the political chief of the armed Palestinian Islamist group Hamas and a close ally of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, was killed in Tehran on Wednesday in an attack blamed on Israel. Erdogan even declared Friday (August 2) as a day of national mourning over the killing of Haniyeh.


Since the ban, many users living in Turkey have been complaining on the X platform that they are not able to refresh their Instagram feed.


So far, Meta Inc has not issued any statement on the ban in Turkey.


According to Turkish media, there are more than 50 million users signed up to Instagram in Turkey, out of a population of 85 million.


Notably, this is not the first time Turkish authorities have blocked access to social media sites. Between April 2017 and January 2020, Wikipedia was blocked in the country over two articles on extremism. 

First Published: Aug 02 2024 | 5:57 PM IST



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Google Photos: Soon, these AI tools will be available on Android, iOS app

Google Photos: Soon, these AI tools will be available on Android, iOS app



Google Photos app for Android and iOS is set to get artificial intelligence tools that has been exclusive to select devices at launch. The US-based software giant has announced that Google Photos’ AI editing tools – Magic Editor, Magic Eraser, Photo Unblur and Portrait Light – are coming to all Google Photos users. These will not require a subscription, confirmed Google.


These tools were initially available only for Pixel phones and required a Google One subscription. After becoming available for all, users will not be required to pay any fee or subscription to access these features.


Layer edits with AI


Google Photos will soon allow layer edits with AI. It essentially means users will be able to edit images using the full range of AI tools offered in one go. For example, you can apply the Portrait preset within Magic Editor, clean up additional distractions after that using Magic Editor, and finally adjust the overall tone and brightness of the photo in the regular editor.


Magic Editor and Magic Erase


Magic Editor’s Erase feature and Magic Erase will let users remove unwanted items from an image, but in different ways. Google said Magic Eraser in Photos works better for fixing a small area of a photo and the Erase tool of the Magic Editor will help when editing a complex and larger area.


Google said there are three different ways users would be able to select items that they want to adjust using Magic Editor: tapping, brushing or circling. According to Google, objects with clear boundaries, like a water bottle in the foreground, are usually easier to tap. However, for objects with less distinct edges, like the leaves that make up a tree, it may be simpler to select them by circling or brushing.


Strength Slider


Google said that using AI editing tools users would soon be able to fine-tune the editing with the help of the strength slider. The AI editing tools are accompanied by a strength slider to let users adjust the intensity of the edit effect.

First Published: Aug 02 2024 | 3:57 PM IST



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HP EliteBook Ultra G1q review: Coming of age for Microsoft Windows on ARM?

HP EliteBook Ultra G1q review: Coming of age for Microsoft Windows on ARM?



The HP EliteBook Ultra G1q is an enterprise-oriented laptop focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) features, performance, design, and battery life. It is among the first wave of AI laptops in India powered by the Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite chip. This Windows 11 ARM-based laptop introduces Microsoft’s inaugural AI PC features, dubbed Copilot+, exclusively available on Qualcomm platforms, alongside a software suite from HP for a tailored user experience. But does this make it a superior work machine, especially considering the price tag of Rs 169,934? Let us find out:


Design


The EliteBook Ultra exudes a premium appearance, particularly in the blue colour (review unit). It is a thin-and-lightweight laptop donning a familiar HP design language, and for better. The laptop boasts aluminium chassis and plastic keycaps, which HP said are made from 50 per cent recycled materials. The fit-and-finish is top-notch and the overall build quality is in line with what you expect from a premium laptop. 


Display and audio


The HP EliteBook Ultra sports a 14-inch 2.2K LED touch display. The display offers decent colours and brightness. However, it requires frequent adjustments due to suboptimal viewing angles worsened by a slightly weak display hinge. Moreover, the glossy property of the display makes it reflective and less suitable for use in bright environments.


Despite these minor niggles, the display is good and suited for work purpose. Featuring a 16:10 aspect ratio, the display accommodates more vertical content within a single view compared to traditional 16:9 screens. This characteristic reduces the need for excessive scrolling, proving advantageous for work-related tasks.


Coming to the audio, the laptop has a pair of bottom-firing stereo speakers that deliver loud, balanced, and clear sound. These speakers are well-suited for regular everyday use.


Windows 11 on ARM


As stated above, the EliteBook Ultra is among the first-generation AI laptops based on Windows 11 on ARM platform from Microsoft. It is essentially the Windows 11 experience tailored to leverage the unique architecture of ARM-based processors for enhanced performance without compromising on battery life.


The core difference between Windows on ARM and regular Windows is in app compatibility. While regular Windows 11 supports a wide range of legacy applications designed for x86/x64 (32-bit and 64-bit) architectures, Windows 11 on ARM relies on emulation or native ARM64 support for apps. This means not all apps designed for the regular version of Windows 11 may run natively on ARM devices without additional compatibility considerations.


Most of the software and apps required in general everyday use – the productivity suite from Microsoft such as Word, Excel, and Powerpoint; browsers such as Chrome, Firefox, and Opera; and creator-focused software such as Adobe Photoshop and Photoshop Lightroom – run perfectly fine because these are available in native ARM64 form. Then there are applications such as Adobe Acrobat and Reader, which are not available in native ARM64 form yet runs fine on the laptop as these get emulated by the Windows 11 on ARM.


But, there is still a long list of apps and software not yet ready for Windows 11 on ARM. Among the most crucial are the Adobe Creative Cloud apps such as Illustrator, InDesign, After Effects, Premiere Pro, and Media Encoder. Native ARM64 apps for these are in the works, but there is no defined timeline for the availability.


Outside apps, it is important to check if you have third-party hardware such as printers, scanners, etc. that require software for connectivity and functioning. During testing, I figured that the old Canon printer I have been using for over a decade is not compatible because the software it required for establishing connection with the laptop is based on X86 (32-bit) architecture and could not run even through emulated version.


Software and artificial intelligence features


Based on Microsoft Copilot+ AI PC platform, the EliteBook Ultra is packed with AI features from Microsoft – Studio Effects to uplift video conferencing experience, Cocreate for content generation capabilities in built-in Paint and Photos applications, and live captions to translate audio and video content into English subtitles from 44 languages.


The EliteBook Ultra also comes pre-loaded with an HP software suite, which encompasses tools – HP AI Companion – to generate content using text prompts and the Poly Camera Pro app for enhanced video conferencing experience. The Poly Camera Pro app offers features similar to Microsoft Studio Effects, and both use on-device AI. However, the app drains battery even when it is working in the background. 


Now, the important thing here is that some of these tasks tasks are offloaded to an integrated Neural Processing Unit (NPU), enhancing performance and battery efficiency by reducing CPU and GPU load.


Performance and battery 


Powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon X Elite, the EliteBook Ultra is offered in 16GB of soldered LPDDR5x RAM and up to 1TB PCIe NVMe SSD storage. This on-paper specification may not look power-packed, but the Qualcomm chip is a performance-powerhouse that delivers on most counts. Be it regular operations or AI-related workloads supported by the platform, there is enough performance to keep you going.


Complementing the swift performance is the impressive battery life. During typical operations, the laptop effortlessly endures through a full day, providing approximately fourteen hours of on-battery time on a single charge. For mixed usage scenarios, the battery life stabilises at around ten hours, which should suffice for most professionals. As noted above, Poly Cam Pro app drains battery even when it is working in the background. Therefore, you might want to force disable it from start-up settings to get the best battery life.


Verdict


The EliteBook Ultra is a capable Windows laptop complemented by AI features from Microsoft and HP. From thin-and-lightweight construction to productivity-oriented display, smooth performance, and lasting battery life, the laptop ticks all the right boxes of a good workbook. However, prospective buyers should scrutinise app compatibility to ensure all necessary software aligns with ARM architecture.

First Published: Aug 02 2024 | 2:41 PM IST



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